Ever wondered how the perimeter of irregular surfaces (like coastlines, borders of a fern leaf) are measured and compared? For example, let us consider a coastline, you can see that as we zoom in on the picture more irregularities pop up, there is no stage of zooming in where we'll finally reach a straight line. So, if I had to measure the coastline using a 15 cm scale, it'd obviously ignore the small irregularities which lie beyond the scope of a 15 cm scale. If I measure the coastline using a 5 cm scale, then it would accommodate comparatively more irregularities, as a result, the length of the same coastline will be more in this case. This means as the precision of the scale increases the length of the coastline increases. Comparison of coastlines between different regions becomes difficult due to this dilemma. This is known as the 'Coastline Paradox' or 'Richardson effect' and originally the problem was framed as, "How Long is the Coast of Britain?...
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