Why was the concept of probability invented? This is the question we are going to answer through this post. Probability was discovered to answer a gambling problem. The original problem is a bit complicated but the simplified version goes like this. Suppose two persons, A and B are playing a game of coin toss where the person who gets their toss thrice first wins a pot of gold. If the score is 2-1 and the game has to be stopped due to some unforeseeable reasons then how would the pot of gold be divided? By logic, since A is leading with 2 points and B only has 1 point, the pot can be divided in the ratio of 2:1 . This seems like a good argument but this fails when the score is 0-1. In this case, it seems unfair to give the pot of gold to B based on the previous argument when A may have a chance to win in the upcoming tosses. But if one were to calculate the probability of winning the game of the two players, then it would give us a foolproof explanation as to how...